How Pharmacogenomics Works

A simple, step-by-step look at how genetic information guides safer, more effective medication decisions.

1

Sample Collection

A simple saliva or buccal swab is collected from the patient. Non-invasive, painless, and takes less than 2 minutes.

~2 minutes
2

Genetic Analysis

CLIA-certified labs extract DNA and analyze specific genes (like CYP2D6, CYP2C19) that affect drug metabolism.

CLIA-Certified Lab
3

Clinical Interpretation

Results identify metabolizer status (poor, intermediate, normal, ultra-rapid) guiding drug selection and dosing.

CPIC Guidelines
4

Better Outcomes

Right drug, right dose, right patient. Reduced adverse reactions, improved efficacy, and personalized treatment.

Precision Medicine

See It In Action: CYP2D6 & Codeine

Patient's Genotype

CYP2D6 *1/*1

Normal Metabolizer

Expected Outcome

Standard dose metabolized normally

Effective Pain Relief

Compare with a different genotype:

CYP2D6 *4/*4

Poor Metabolizer

Cannot convert codeine to morphine

No Pain Relief — Consider Alternative

One test. Lifetime guidance. Better prescribing decisions.